An Architect's Guide to Inspirational Staircase Design - Architizer Journal (2024)

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Everyone knows that a grand entrance can make quite a statement and first impression. But in a similar way, a staircase also has the potential to pack a punch and inject character into a project. These functional — and often central — elements can become opportunities for architects to flex their creative muscle and design something sculptural, dramatic or simple-yet-handsome.

To fuel your own ideas, we present a few of our favorite designs to recently grace Architizer’sproject database, along with manufacturers and specialists that can help you in your quest to develop the ideal staircase.

Projects

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SDM Stairs by ARQMOV WORKSHOP

At a double-height window within a private residence in Mumbai, ARQMOV devised an intriguing design in which the first three treads at the bottom are independent, but the upper treads are ribbon-like elements that form steps in two places within the staircase; on the upper part of the structure, steel cables support the treads further. Meanwhile, the bent corners of these longer engineered-walnut treads function as a reclining spot to use the treads as benches.

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An Architect's Guide to Inspirational Staircase Design - Architizer Journal (5)

Vreugdenhil Dairy FoodsbyMaas Architecten and EeStairs

Used as both a means of circulation and a visually striking sculpture to activate a massive atrium, this staircase of a Netherlands office building is a crisp white helical spiral devised by Maas Architecten with the help of EeStairs’s stucco-alternative product, EeSoffit. Because the material adheres to the contours more precisely and in less time than stucco, it’s able to achieve knife-like definition on the underside of the structure. Adding even more drama and durability is EeStairs’ special high-gloss paint finish, which provides high reflectivity and scratch-resistance.

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Daleham Gds, Hampstead by Elite Metalcraft Co.

The trippy design of this floating staircase within a private residence will have you wondering if you’ve just stepped into an M.C. Escher picture. To achieve this, Elite Metalcraft clad the steel stairs, including the balustrades, in elm wood, save for three sections where the rail stays in wood but the balustrade underneath is in laminated glass. The treads and risers appear as if suspended without attachment to the wall, but in reality the small gap between the steps and the walls — accentuated by integrated lighting — mount via a hidden clamping system.

Staircase Specialists

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EeStairs

Well-known among architects for its bespoke stair designs (such as the aforementioned Vreugdenhil Dairy Foods atrium staircase), the Dutch company uncannily understands the marriage of art and engineering for such architectural elements. Among its capabilities are straight-runs, helicals and spirals with or without integrated LED lighting and with specialty balustrades such as its eye-catching Cells Organic Balustrade System.

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An Architect's Guide to Inspirational Staircase Design - Architizer Journal (14)

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Fontanot

With more than half a century of experience in staircases, this Italian company has worked with many a renowned architect — from Richard Meier to Arata Isozaki — on both residential and commercial projects. But aside from its bespoke designs, the specialist offers a wide range of standard customizable indoor and outdoor systems such as LaFont Essential.

We’re fond of this line’s Fulmine design, which sports a crisp steel plate profile, cut in the shape that follows treads and risers and finished in optional colors that pop. The profile can be left open or mounted onto glass walls and balustrades with concealed or exposed fittings and standoffs and outfitted with wood treads, wood tread-and-riser combos, glass treads and even custom storage drawers within the risers. Matching handrails are also available.

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Siller Stairs

From floating stairs to elaborate traditional and contemporary structures, Siller Stairs offers turnkey service including actual design of the stairs, sourcing of materials and components and installation. Among some of its designs we’re enamored with is the “Wave” cantilevered wood staircase incorporating LED lighting (planned for a private residence in Poland) and a simple straight but impactful floating wood stair with glass balustrade within the Poltrona Frau showroom in Miami.

Staircase Products

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Virtu by Architectural Fittings

The design of the handrail supports is just as important as the handrail itself, and we particularly like Virtu fittings for their modern exposed-hardware, industrial aesthetic. They’re constructed with high-grade machined aluminum and stainless steel and finished in satin anodized (though custom is also available). Architectural Fittings offers versions for stanchion, wall or panel mounting.

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Precast Treads and Risers by Concord Terrazzo Co.
Concord cuts channels directly into its precast terrazzo treads and then fills these with TERRAZZCO-brand epoxy resin and silicon carbide to provide the grip necessary for slip safety. A range of tread and riser combinations is available in different sizes and thicknesses.

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SRS Standoff Railing System by CRL-U.S. Aluminum
Suitable for both commercial and residential applications, indoors or out, this standoff railing system is designed for mounting onto tempered glass, steel, concrete or wood substrates. The fittings are available in a variety of styles, from square with mounting plate to round cap, base and mounting stud in brushed or polished finish. Regardless of the design, the standoffs typically meet or exceed building code requirements.

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Reclaimed Wood Stair Treads by TerraMai Reclaimed Woods
Working together with designers, TerraMai helps to find the right type of wood for each project’s staircase needs. In addition to a variety of reclaimed timber species, the company can also provide custom stains, finishes and textures well-suited to different residential and commercial settings.

Research Staircase Manufacturers

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An Architect's Guide to Inspirational Staircase Design - Architizer Journal (2024)

FAQs

What are the general notes on the design of stairs? ›

Width of stair - the width of stairs for public buildings should be 1.8 m and for residential buildings 0.9 m. Length - the flight of the stairs should be restricted to a maximum of 12 and minimum of 3 steps. Pitch of stair - the pitch of long stairs should be made flatter by introducing landing.

Why do stairs have 13 steps? ›

Building construction code has very specific requirements regarding the height of steps. This is to minimize the number of trips and falls. And the vertical distance between floors is fairly standard, given usual ceiling heights and joists supporting the upper floor. The result usually falls between 13 and 15.

What are three factors to consider when designing a staircase? ›

10 factors to consider when designing a staircase
  • Space and location. Consider the amount of space you have available and where your new staircase will be located. ...
  • Staircase design. ...
  • Material for your new staircase. ...
  • Staircase styles. ...
  • Safety considerations. ...
  • Durability. ...
  • Staircase maintenance. ...
  • Cost of new staircase.
Mar 7, 2023

What is the minimum width of stairs in the UK? ›

There are currently no rules regarding the staircase width, but it is generally agreed that widths between 800mm and 900mm work well. On average, main staircases have widths of 860mm. For secondary staircases, you should consider going for a minimum staircase width of 600mm.

What is the formula used to design stairs? ›

Riser + Tread = 17.5 inches (445mm): 7.5 inches (191mm) for the riser height; 10 inches (254mm) for the tread depth. Riser * Tread = 75 inches (1905mm). 2(Riser) + Tread is greater than or equal to 24 inches (610mm) (minimum threshold) or less than or equal to 25 inches (635mm) (maximum threshold).

What are the architecture rules for stairs? ›

Basic staircase geometry
  • Rise (r): must be between 150 and 220mm.
  • Going (g): must be between 220 and 300mm.
  • Pitch angle: anything up to a maximum of 42 degrees.
May 3, 2019

What is the 27 stair rule? ›

So if a handrail is provided on one side, the minimum clear width is 31.5 inches and if a handrail is provided on both sides, the minimum clear width is 27 inches. Note that the following stairways are not required to meet the minimum width requirements: Stairways not within or serving a building, porch or deck.

What is the rule of 18 stairs? ›

The 18 rule is a building code regulation for staircases that obliges the sum of two risers and one tread should equal 18 inches (45.72 cm). This rule was conceptualised thanks to the average stride length of an adult. It makes a staircase easier to use, and less likely to cause injuries.

What angle do you build stairs? ›

The angle of a staircase, often measured in degrees from the horizontal, determines the steepness of the stairs. Common angles range from 30 to 50 degrees. However, a widely accepted standard for the most comfortable and safe stair angle is around 37 degrees.

What type of stairs is best? ›

Choosing the Best Staircase Design: Factors to Consider
Type of stairsSuitability
Stairs with storageA large family or with more young children
Circular stairsPersonalities with a flair for vintage items
Bifurcated stairsIndividuals with spacious buildings who like grandness
5 more rows

Which side of stairs to put a handrail on? ›

Which side of the stairs should a handrail be on? There's no law that states which side of the stairs a handrail should be fitted to so this is personal preference.

Do stairs need a handrail? ›

Four or More Risers: According to OSHA regulations, handrails are required on stairways with four or more risers (steps). Handrails may not be mandatory under OSHA rules if a staircase has three or fewer steps, but local building codes or other regulations may still require them.

How deep should stair treads be? ›

A stair tread should be a minimum of 11″ deep for stairs used as a means of egress under the 2018 IBC building code. A stair tread should be a minimum 9.5″ deep for stairs used as equipment access under the OSHA standards for stairways.

Do stairs have 13 steps? ›

The typical stair riser height is 200mm. This is considered the ideal height for stair risers as it yields the most comfortable step while also conforming to safety standards. Generally, the average total rise of staircases is 2,600mm. This divides into 13 risers at 200mm.

Why do stairs have an odd number of steps? ›

What does the odd or even number of steps on the stairs mean? In ancient Chinese customs, odd numbers signify yang, while even numbers represent yin. With the sky considered yang and the earth yin, odd numbers are deemed auspicious. Thus, for good feng shui, stairs are preferred to have an odd number of steps.

What is 13 steps about? ›

Storyline. A buried dark past that has riddled our world with fear and divisiveness. A group with different backgrounds must overcome their respective "demons" and beliefs, right the wrongs of the past and save the world from an ultimate evil.

How many steps should a staircase have? ›

A typical flight of stairs has 13 to 16 steps. The average length (vertical height) of a flight is 8 1/2 to 11 feet. Your local building codes impact the number of steps and other dimensions.

References

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